American Ornithologists' Union. 1998.
Check-list of North American birds: 7th edition
The American Ornithologists' Union. Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas. 829 pgs.
(ISBN: 1-891276-00-X)

Araya M., Braulio and Guillermo Millie H. 1998.
Guía de campo de las aves de Chile
Editorial Universitaria, S. A. Santiago de Chile. pgs 114-115.
(ISBN 956-11-1236-1) (Spanish)

Azpiroz, Adrián B. 1997.
Aves del Uruguay: Lista, estatus y distribución
Probides. Rocha, Uruguay. 52 pgs.
(ISBN: 9974-7532-2-8) (Spanish)

Barbour, Thomas. 1923.
The Birds of Cuba - Memoirs of the Nuttall ornithological club. no. VI
Nuttall Ornithological Club. Cambridge, Massachusetts. 141 pgs.

Barbour, Thomas. 1943.
Cuban Ornithology - Memoirs of the Nuttall Ornithological Club, no. 9
Nuttall Ornithological Club. Cambridge, Massachusetts. 144 pgs.

Barattini, Luis P. and Rodolfo Escalante. 1971.
Catálogo de las aves uruguayas: 2ª parte -Anseriformes
Intendencia Municipal de Montevideo. Montevideo. 1971. pgs 34-35. (Spanish)

Beaman, Mark and Steve Madge. 1998.
The Handbook of Bird Identification for Europe and the Western Palearctic
Princeton University Press. Princeton, New Jersey. 868 pgs.
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Clancey, P. A. 1964.
The Birds of Natal and Zululand
Oliver & Boyd. Edinburgh and London. 511 pgs.

Clements, James F. 2000.
Birds of the World: A Checklist: Fifth Edition
Ibis Publishing Company. Vista, California. 867 pgs.
(ISBN: 0-934797-16-1)

Delacour, Jean. 1954.
The waterfowl of the world
Country Life Limited. London. Vol 1. pgs 45-46.

Franganillo Balboa, Pelegrín, S. J. 1941.
Las Aves de Cuba
Cultural S. A. Habana, Cuba. 214 pg. (Spanish)

Gyldenstolpe, Nils. 1945.
A Contribution to the Ornithology of Northern Bolivia
Almqvist & Wiksells Boktryckeri AB. Stockholm. 301 pgs.

Howard, Richard and Alick Moore. 1991.
A complete checklist of the Birds of the World. Second Edition
Academic Press. San Diego, California. 622 pgs.
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Johnsgard, Paul A. 1965.
Handbook of Waterfowl Behavior
Comstock Publishing Associates. Cornell University Press. Ithaca, New York. 378 pgs.

Johnsgard, Paul A. 1978.
Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World
University of Nebraska Press. Lincoln and London. 404 pgs.
(ISBN 8-8032-0953-3)

Koepcke, Maria. 1970.
The Birds of the Department of Lima, Peru
Livingston Publishing Company. Wynnewood, Pennsylvania. 144 pgs.
(ISBN: 0-87098-029-7)

Langrand, Oliver. 1990.
Birds of Madagascar
Yale University Press. New Haven & London. 364 pgs.
(ISBN: 0-300-04310-4)

Madge, Steve, and Hilary Burn. 1988.
Waterfowl: an identification guide to the ducks, geese, and swans of the world
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Orlog, Claës Chr. 1968.
Las aves sudamericanas: una guía de campo: Tomo primero (Pingüinos - Pájaros Carpinteros)
Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Argentina. Pg 100 (Spanish)

Raffaele, Herbert, James Wiley, Orlando Garrido, Allan Keith, and Janis Raffaele. 1998.
A Guide to the Birds of the West Indies
Princeton University Press. Princeton, New Jersey. 511 pgs.

Sinclair, Ian, Phil Hockey and Warwick Tarboton. 1993.
Ilustrated Guide to the Birds of Southern Africa
Princeton University Press. Princeton, New Jersey. 426 pgs.
(ISBN: 0 691 04469 4)

Soothill, Eric and Peter Whitehead. 1978.
Wildfowl of the World
Blandford Press. Poole, Dorset. 297 pgs.
(ISBN: 0 7137 0863 8)

Stiles, F. Garay and Alexander F. Skutch. 1989.
A Guide to the birds of Costa Rica
Comstock Publishing Associates, a Division of Cornell University Press. Ithaca, New York. Pg 91.
(ISBN 0-8014-2287-6 and 0-8014-9600-4)

Stotz, Douglas F., John W. Fitzpatrick, Theodore A. Parker III and Debra K. Moskovits. 1996.
Neotropical Birds: Ecology and Conservation
The University of Chicago Press. Chicago and London. 478 pgs.
(ISBN: 0-226-77629-8 and 0-226-77630-1, LC: QL685.7.N46 1996)

Wetmore, Alexander. 1926.
Observations on the birds of Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Chile
Smithsonian Institution. Bulletin 133. Washington. Pg 73.